Double-acting two-cycle engine.



M. J. GOLDBERG.

DOUBQE ACTINGTWD CYCLE ENGINE.

APPLICATION F |LED SEPT. l I, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEEP- I.

Patented Oct. 22, 1918'.

M. J. GOLDBEHu'.

DOUBLE ACTING TWO CYCLE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l I. 1916.

Patented Oct. 22, i918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

gwvenfoz M. J. GOLDBERG.

DOUBLE ACTING TWO CYCLE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11. IBIS.

Patented 00. 22, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3- M. I. GOLDBERG.

DOUBLE ACTING TW'O CYCLE ENGINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED SEPT. 11 19l6.

MEYER 5. concerns, or on. crrr, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOUBLE-ACTING TWO-CYCLE ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

1 Patented @ct. 22, 191%.

Application filed September 11, 1916. Serial No. 119,492.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, MEYER J. GOLDBERG, formerly a subject of the Russian Empire, having received first naturalization papers for citizenship in the United States, and now residing at Oil City,

Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Double-Acting Two-Qycle Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an engine which is rendered double-acting by providing two cylinders arranged in tandem with opposed open ends and pistons for the respective cylinders connected together, so that they act reciprocally; means being provided for supplying and exhausting a pres sure medium, preferably a fuel exploded or burned within the cylinders; and particuengines 1n which,

larly to that type of such pumping means are associated with pistons in order to develop a two-cycle operation.

A primary object. of the invention is to develop an engine of this kind, especially adapted for large units, for instance 500 H. P, which will be of extreme simplicity in construction, of minimum dimensions over all, and of high relative efiiciency, to which ends, the pistons are directly united by a yoke occupying the space surrounding the meeting ends of the pistons, and between the opposed ends of the cylinders, which yoke is developed as a pumping piston, as well as a coupling means for the working pistons and is surrounded by a cylinder in which it works, and which constitutes the spacing member for the working cylinders; the power-transmitting connection, in the form of a plurality of tie rods symmetrically spaced around the yoke (preferably two, ted at opposite ends of a diameter), beaxtended longitudinally from the pumpoiston, to a cross-head from which power may be transmitted in any suitable way, as for instance, through a pitman to a crank shaft.

Further objects relate to the development of certain auxiliary mechanisms which make for simplicity in construction and increased in the county of efliciency, such for instance as the arrangement of ports controlled by the working pistons for the intake and discharge of pressure medium, and so relating these ports that the exhaust port and intake port are successively opened at the end of the working stroke, in. the order named, with sufficient interval to dissipate the working pres sure through the exhaust before opening the intake for fuel, and with sufficient lap to continue the exhaust opening during intake of fuel to insure scavenging, and at the same time utilizing the air pump to close the air passage and maintain sufficient pressure therein to resist back flow of air at the commencement of the compression stroke; also utilizing the yoke as a pumping connection for cooling water, as by providing it with telescoping tubes, acting upon the plunger.

its

sistin reversing the reciprocating movement of the engine; also providing certain other features of construction and operation, all of which will be hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims; reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of an internal combustion engine embodying the several features constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an axial section of half of the cylinder structure remote from the powertransmitting connections, with the piston structure in full compression or ignition position therein; the section being on the same plane as that of Fig. 1 and upon an en larged scale;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section through one 'of the cylinders in the plane of its exhaust,

namely on the line 3 i--3" of Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is .a section on the line 4* x of Fig. 1, showing the details of the cross-head, pitman connection and the cooling water exhaust;

of the invention here presented by way of illustration, a pair of cylinders l, 1, arranged in tandem with closed outer ends and their opposed inner ends open, are fitted with pistons 2 united to form a unitary reciprocally acting structure the space 3 between the opposed ends of the cylinders being inclosed by a cylindrical wall -1, which reduces said space to an air-pumping chamher, and the connection between the pistons being in thenature of a yoke produced preferably by abutting flanges on the ends of the piston members, which yoke carries air-piston members 5 which, fitting the inner wall of the cylinder develop an efficient air pump in addition to guiding the yoke through which to transmit power from the working pistons 2. The power-trans mitting connections comprise a plurality of connecting rods 6, symmetrically spaced around the circumference of the yoke piston (preferably two in number located at opposite ends of the diameter of the working pistons), and these connecting rods extend longitudinally from the piston yoke parallel to the axis of the working pistons,-through elongated bearings 7 in the engine casing, which makes the air-pumpin chamber 3 sufficiently tight without stufng box tittings, and to the cross-head 8 beyond the end of the engine from which ower may be taken oif through any suita le connection, as for instance, the pitman 9 which in practice would preferably lead to a usual crank shaft. Each working cylinder 1 communicates with an exhaust pipe 10 through means of'a port 11 that is uncovered as the appropriate piston reaches the ends of its working stroke; also an. air intake port 12 that communicates through an independent air passage 13 with a port 14, opening into the air-pumping chamber 3 on the side of the piston yoke opposite from the particular port 12. The ports 1 are located in advance of the end of the air-pumping stroke, so that while receiving a suiiicient supply of air for a charge at each stroke of the engine, and compressing it in the passage 13 under suiiicient pressure to promptly enter the working cylinder 1 as soon as the port 12'is uncovered, said port It is cut off by the latter part of the stroke of the yoke piston to confine the stored charge in the passage 13 and prevent any hack flow through the port 12 at the comcompression in the pumping cylinder. Reference should now be had to'l ig. 7 where 1t will be seen that after port 1% has been cut-oft a volume of air will be compressed and forced past the check valve 35 into the storage compartment 36. After the piston 2 has passed by and cut ofi the port 11, the mechanicallyoperated valve 38 is opened and the air confined within the compartment 36 rushes into the cylinder. This surcharging of the power cylinder is the means of increasing the power capacity of the machinewithout increase of the engine size. The delivery of air to the pumping chamber 3 is through the port 15 which communicates through the annular space 16, with air supply pipe, 17 leading from any suitable source. Y

Fuel injection will be upon any approved system applied through the medium of the axial closures 18 of the cylinders 1.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the power-transmitting connections leading from the medial plane of the 1 piston structure are not in the form of a cross-head extending beyond the lateral lines of the cylinder structure as commonly practiced heretofore, but extencling vvithin the lateral confines of the cylinder structure, and thus doing away with the considerable open space heretofore employed for a cross head or for laterally extending connections and correspondingly shortening the axial dimension of the whole eugine structure. it will also be seen that when this arrange; ment of transmitting connections has combined with it the air-pumping yoke, two

ends of the air-pumping chamber are united in a way that any leakage past the fuel pistons does not involve waste, since the escape is into the adjoining air space. It will further be seen that the parts are better balanced and ali-ned, and withal the structure is greatly simplified.

A forced cooling circulation may be de- -veloped with peculiar advantagev from the general plan of construction thus far described by utilizing the power-transmitting yoke 5 to operate telescoping circulating connections. To this end, plunger pipes 19 project in the axial direction from the yokes 5, through stuffing boxes 20 into water discharge aaeaarr chambers 21, which are symmetrically spaced around the cylinder walls, being preferably two in number located at opposite ends of a diameter and they may be either in axial alinement with the connecting rod 6, or'at right angles to or out of coincidence with the diametric positions of the connecting rods 6; chambers 21 being connected through pipes 22 with a water well 23 or other source of water supply. Thus, water in the chambers 21 can flow through the pipes 19 into the yoke and thence through the circulating passages of the pistons 2, and thereby efiectively cool the pistons. It can also flow through the water passages of the jacketed cylinders and efiect the cooling of the latter in the usual way. To further induce the flow of water, the cross head 8 may be equipped with a similar telescoping plunger pipe 24 which enters a water chamber 25 in the cylinder and connecting at its cross-head end with a passage 26 which communicates with the bore 27 in one of the connecting rods 6. The

a bore 28 in the other connecting rod 6 communicates through passage 29 with the discharge pipe 30 which delivers into any suitable drainage passage 31.

In order to induce a prompt and complete evacuation of the working cylinder at the end of a working stroke, each exhaust port 11 is preferably sub-divided, as shown in Fig. 5, into primary discharge ports 11 and secondary discharge ports 11. The primary ports 11* communicate with a discharge nozzle 32 which is in ejector relation to the pas sage 33 which communicates with the ports l1" and since ports 11 are longer than the ports 11* and are uncovered first, a vigorous takes place through the nozzle 32 and creates a partial vacuum in the passage As soon as the ports l1 are opened, the main body of the gases responds to this vacuum, with the result that considerable inertia is developed in the exhaust, and it is rendered much more complete and prompt than if the inertia of the air or spent gases in the discharge passage had to be overcome suddenly at the very end of the stroke. The loss or power due to exhaust through the advance ends of ports 11* is comparatively slight. By the described arrangement, the main exhaust ports can be located quite near the end of the stroke, less gases will remain to contaminate the new charge, and the eiiiciency of the engine will be proportionately raised.

1 claim 1. In a doubleacting engine, a pair of op posed cylinders, a piston-structure reciprocating in said cylinders, and power transmitting connections extending from the piston-structure parallel to the axis of the cylinders, through the cylinder walls, but outside the working spaces of the cylinders; said pistons being provided with a yoke extending radially beyond the piston-structure and receiving the transmitting connections; the opposed ends of said cylinders being spaced apart to receive said yoke; the space between said cylinders being filled by a cylindrical wall providing an air-pumping chamber, and said yoke carrying a piston coacting with said wall; said air-pumping chamber having ports in communication with the respective working cylinders and with a suitable air supply port common to each end of said air-pumping chamber..

2. In a double-acting engine, a pair of opposed cylinders, a piston-structure reciproeating in said cylinders, and power transmitting connections extending from the pistonstructure parallel to the axis of the cylinders, through the cylinder walls, but outside the working spaces of the cylinders;'said is-' tons being provided with a yoke exten ing radially beyond the piston-structure and receiving the transmitting connections; the opposed ends of said cylinders being spaced apart to receive said yoke; the space between said cylinders being filled by a cylindrical wall providing an air-pumping chamber, and said yoke carrying a piston coacting with said wall; said air-pumping chamber having ports in communication with the respective working cylinders and with a suitable air supply; said ports being controlled by the yoke piston.

, 3. In a double-acting engine, a pair of opposed cylinders, a piston-structure reciproeating in said cylinders, and power transmitting connections extending from the pistonstructure parallel to the axis of the cylinders,

through the cylinder walls, but outside the working spaces of the cylinders; said pistons being provided with a yoke extending radially beyond the piston-structure and receiving the transmitting connections; the opposed ends oi' said cylinders being spaced apart to receive said yoke; the space between said cylinders being filled by a cylindrical wall providing an air-pumping chamber, and said yoke carrying a piston coacting with said wall; said air-pumping chamber having ports in communication 7 with the respective working cylinders and with a suitable air supply; said ports being controlled by the yoke piston; the air outlet ports being closed bythe yoke piston in advance of the end of its stroke.

4. In a double-acting engine, a pair of opposed cylinders, a piston-structure reciproeating in said cylinders, and power transmit ting connections extending from the pistonstructure parallel to the working spaces of the cylinders; said pistons being provided with a yoke extending radially beyond the I piston-structure and receiving the transmit- 5 insanely i ting connections; the oppesed ends of said supply being placed medially of said penis cylinders beingspeced apart to receive said communicating with the Working cylinders, yoke; the specebei-ween said-cylinders being whereby the said air supply is maintained filled by a cylindrical wall providing an airclosed by the said piston carried by the yoke,

' piston coacting "with said Well; said air- The foregoing specification signedat Gil pumping chamber having ports in communi- City, Pennsylvania, this 21% day of August,

cation with the respective Working cylinders 1 16. end with a suizahle supply; said perts being controlled by the yoke piston, said air J. GQLDBERG.

pumping cheniber, and said yoke carrying 51 except at the ends of its stroke. 15 

